Which of the following are administrative sanctions?

The correct answer identifies various types of administrative sanctions that can be enforced to address employee conduct or performance issues. Suspension without pay represents a significant disciplinary action taken by an organization, typically in response to serious violations of policy or gross misconduct. It serves as a temporary withdrawal from workplace responsibilities, while also serving as a penalty for the employee's actions. This type of measure is often used to emphasize the seriousness of the infraction while still allowing the possibility of the employee returning to their position after a period of suspension.

While the other options listed, such as warning and reprimand, revocation of security clearance, and demotion, are also valid forms of administrative sanctions, they differ in terms of their implementation and implications. Warnings and reprimands are generally less severe and are more focused on correcting behavior rather than imposing significant consequences. Revocation of security clearance involves a specific action that can affect an individual's access to sensitive information but may not be classified as an administrative sanction in the more traditional disciplinary sense. Demotion, while it entails a form of disciplinary action, changes an employee's position and likely their responsibilities, which is distinct from the penalty aspect of suspension without pay.

Understanding the nuances of these measures helps clarify how organizations maintain discipline and promote adherence to established policies